WHAT IS ADHD?
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopment condition, affecting approximately 5% of the population.
ADHD is present from birth but might not be diagnosed until later in life. The condition is characterized by three core symptoms: inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. These symptoms can vary in how they manifest and impact individuals. While hyperactivity and impulsivity often occur together, it's possible for one to present without the other.
For a diagnosis, symptoms must be present for at least six months, be inappropriate for the individual’s developmental level, and negatively impact their social and academic or occupational activities.
What are the symptoms of ADHD?
Inattention
Often fails to pay attention to details or makes careless mistakes in schoolwork, at work, or during other activities.
Frequently has trouble maintaining focus on tasks or play activities.
Often seems not to listen when spoken to directly.
Often does not follow through on instructions and fails to complete schoolwork, chores, or workplace duties (e.g., loses focus, gets side-tracked).
Frequently has difficulty organizing tasks and activities.
Often avoids, dislikes, or is reluctant to engage in tasks that require sustained mental effort (such as schoolwork or homework).
Often loses items necessary for tasks and activities (e.g., school materials, pencils, books, tools, wallets, keys, paperwork, eyeglasses, mobile phones).
Is easily distracted.
Is often forgetful in daily activities.
Hyperactivity and Impulsivity
Frequently fidgets with or taps hands or feet, or squirms in their seat.
Often leaves their seat in situations where staying seated is expected.
Often runs about or climbs in inappropriate situations (adolescents or adults may feel restless).
Frequently unable to play or engage in leisure activities quietly.
Often seems to be "on the go," acting as if "driven by a motor."
Often talks excessively.
Often blurts out answers before questions are fully asked.
Frequently has difficulty waiting for their turn.
Often interrupts or intrudes on others (e.g., butts into conversations or games).
Diagnosis of ADHD
A diagnosis of ADHD should only be made by a clinical psychologist, psychiatrist, pediatrician, or another appropriately qualified healthcare professional. A comprehensive clinical evaluation should include both subjective and objective assessments:
Physical examination
Clinical interviews
Rating scales
A continuous performance task, such as QbTest or QbCheck, to gather data on the three core symptoms